NEJM August 28, 2024
On August 14, 2024, the director-general of the World Health Organization (WHO) declared mpox in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and neighboring countries to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) under the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR) — the WHO’s highest-level alert. The previous day, the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC) declared a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS) — the organization’s first-ever declaration of a regional health emergency. This regional declaration and the WHO’s early response — issued without waiting for mpox to affect high-income countries — could offer a historic opportunity to mobilize lifesaving resources according to the principles of solidarity and equity.
Mpox clade I has been...