Health Affairs February 28, 2020
Clay Christensen, perhaps the most influential business school professor of our era, passed from the world earlier this year. He left us with his fundamental insight into why large and successful businesses often fail, despite what would appear to be insuperable advantages of scale, scope, and experience, to be replaced by unknown upstarts. Kodak, Sears, US Steel, General Motors, DEC, Xerox, and many others that once dominated the Fortune 100 are gone or have been reduced to a shadow of their former selves.
Christensen articulated the concept of ‘disruptive innovation,’ in which outsiders with low-performance but low-price products compete for consumers poorly served or not served at all by industry insiders, and then gradually improve performance while retaining lower...