NEJM September 5, 2018
In May 2018, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) began enrollment for a vast medical research cohort. Named “All of Us,” it’s meant to include 1 million U.S. volunteers, who will be studied over 10 years at a cost of $1.45 billion. The project promises to “lay the scientific foundation for a new era of personalized, highly effective health care,” a counterpoint to previous “‘one-size-fits-all’ medicine.”
All of Us derives from a decade’s worth of developments in the research world. In 2011, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine called for a “new taxonomy of human disease,” stating that “opportunities to define diseases more precisely and to inform health-care decisions” were “being missed.”1 Five years later, President Barack Obama...