Health Affairs October 23, 2025
After 60 years, Medicare remains a critical program for millions of seniors and people with disabilities. But Medicare faces a number of well-documented challenges. The Medicare Trust Fund continues to inch toward insolvency, currently projected in 2033, without a clear policy consensus or political path to resolution. And through the many legislative and regulatory changes that have been made to the program over the years, Medicare has become increasingly complex and difficult for beneficiaries to navigate, with a dizzying array of benefit rules and plans, each with important implications for access and affordability.
Medicare Advantage (MA), which enrolls more than half of beneficiaries today, represents a simpler choice for many—providing a more comprehensive benefit with an out-of-pocket cap that avoids...
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