Health Affairs April 2, 2025
Alexandra Bryan, Megan Caruso, Shelby Harrington, Mary Beth Arensberg, Amy Shepps

Malnutrition, defined as the “inadequate intake of nutrients, particularly protein, over time,” affects 20 percent to 50 percent of hospitalized patients despite only 8 percent being diagnosed. Malnutrition has been shown to increase hospital costs (34 percent more) and 30-day readmission rates (54 percent higher) compared to hospitalizations in patients without a malnutrition diagnosis. Addressing malnutrition through targeted nutrition interventions improves outcomes and reduces costs, directly supporting value-based care goals. For example, in one study, a multihospital accountable care organization (ACO) that optimized malnutrition care achieved a 27 percent reduction in 30-day readmission rates, while another nutrition-focused quality improvement program generated $4.8 million in cost savings. Evidence demonstrates the power of nutrition-focused quality improvement initiatives in enhancing performance on quality...

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